Which treatment is commonly used to improve insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetes?

• A. Metformin
• B. Insulin therapy
• C. Blood sugar monitoring
• D. Exercise

Answer: (A)

Metformin is commonly used to improve insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetes because it lowers liver glucose production and enhances the body's response to insulin in peripheral tissues, especially muscle, helping glucose enter cells more effectively. This combination reduces fasting blood glucose and overall glucose levels without usually causing hypoglycemia, making it a standard first-line pharmacologic option. While exercise also increases insulin sensitivity by promoting glucose uptake in muscles, metformin is the typical medical treatment chosen to directly improve insulin action. Insulin therapy provides insulin itself and is used when the body can’t produce enough insulin, not primarily to boost sensitivity. Blood sugar monitoring is essential for tracking control but does not directly enhance insulin sensitivity.